Φ=fPfS+fPcap phi equals the fraction with numerator f sub cap P and denominator f sub cap S plus f sub cap P end-fraction Adjusted values ( Φkcap phi sub k ) are calculated for eccentric layouts. Step 8: Calculation of Bolt Load Changes Compute the fundamental force components: Relief of clamping force: Step 9: Investigation of Embedding / Relaxation ( FZcap F sub cap Z
The 2021 revision introduces several critical updates that align the guideline with contemporary manufacturing and simulation standards: vdi 2230 2021
Ensure the compressive stress under the bolt head or nut face does not exceed the limit compressive strength of the clamped material, which would cause the parts to deform and lose preload. R12: Verification of Thread Engagement Length ( meffm sub e f f end-sub Φ=fPfS+fPcap phi equals the fraction with numerator f
): Represents how much the bolt stretches per unit of force. Component Compliance ( δMdelta sub cap M Component Compliance ( δMdelta sub cap M The
The 2021 guidelines heavily utilize the bolt joint diagram, a graphic tool illustrating the relationship between forces (axial, clamping) and deformation (elongation, compression). Proportional to the force applied.