Legitimate macOS installers never start as raw ISO files. They start as .app bundles downloaded directly from Apple. An ISO is typically a disc image used for virtual machines (like VMware or VirtualBox) or bootable USB drives for PCs.
You can find exact, bootable disk files of the OS, such as the Internet Archive macOS Catalina ISO , which contains the complete, offline installer.
Ensure your Mac model is compatible before attempting an install. Most Macs from 2012 or later support Catalina.