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The internal output transistors (Pins 9, 10, 11, 12) can only source or sink up to 200mA of current. This is often insufficient to rapidly charge and discharge the large gate capacitance of modern high-power MOSFETs, causing them to overheat in their linear region. i laj494p schematic better
Logical circuit flows, component values, voltage ratings, and pinouts. Slow switching causes the MOSFET to spend too
: Newer controllers offer features the TL494 lacks: Logical circuit flows
Directly connecting the TL494's 200mA output to the gate of a large power MOSFET is often ineffective. The gate capacitance of a power MOSFET is large, and the IC struggles to charge and discharge it quickly. Slow switching causes the MOSFET to spend too much time in its linear region, generating substantial heat and reducing efficiency. A "better" design always includes a dedicated gate driver, such as a discrete totem-pole circuit or a specialized IC like the TLP250 shown in a TL494 test circuit.